![]() ![]() We review the specific features of human ARDS that should be modeled in experimental lung injury and then discuss specific characteristics of animal species that may affect the pulmonary host response to noxious stimuli. The goal of this review is to summarize the strengths and weaknesses of existing models of lung injury. However, none of these models fully reproduces the features of human lung injury. ![]() Most are based on reproducing in animals known risk factors for ARDS, such as sepsis, lipid embolism secondary to bone fracture, acid aspiration, ischemia-reperfusion of pulmonary or distal vascular beds, and other clinical risks. Different animal models of experimental lung injury have been used to investigate mechanisms of lung injury. Acute lung injury in humans is characterized histopathologically by neutrophilic alveolitis, injury of the alveolar epithelium and endothelium, hyaline membrane formation, and microvascular thrombi. ![]()
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